2005;322(1):4352. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. WebPitocin is a synthetic version of a hormone called oxytocin. Changes in oxytocin concentrations in saliva of pigs after a transport and during lairage at slaughterhouse. Package insert / product label 1999;51(4):85565. A-B: Bar charts showing the deviation in farrowing rate (A) and litter size (B), measured in terms of direct boar effect, for each of the boars under evaluation. The percentage of spermatozoa with intact plasma and acrosome membranes (H-42+/PI/PNA-FITC-) were recorded as viable sperm. It could be postulated that the local action of OXT would be more active in the accessory glands (adds volume to ejaculates) than in the epididymis (adds sperm to ejaculates). Meconium staining is a good indicator that the piglets are oxygen deprived. For sperm viability, semen aliquots of 100L were incubated with 3L H-42 (0.05mg/mL in PBS), 2L propidium iodide (PI, 0.5mg/mL in PBS) and 2L fluorescein-conjugated peanut agglutinin (PNA-FITC, 100g/mL in PBS) during 10min at 37C in darkness (Sanyo MIR-153 incubator, Gemini BV, Apeldoorn, Netherlands). The second experiment intended to find out if SP-OXT concentrations were related to the age of boars and ejaculate characteristics and if they influenced sperm parameters from diluted semen samples stored at liquid state, such as those used in AI programs. Additionally, people may choose to induce using Pitocin due to timing or other issues, such as working around schedules to ensure a partner (or a specific doctor) can be present at the delivery. Robin Elise Weiss, PhD, MPH is a professor, author, childbirth and postpartum educator, certified doula, and lactation counselor. Cell Tissue Res. 2018;18(3):913. Other means of therapy, however, may be required in such cases. None of the assessed sperm parameters differed between the two SP-OXT groups, neither those assessed at 0h nor those assessed at 72h of storage at 17C. [26] in men, which found that SP-OXT concentrations were not related to the motility and morphology of fresh sperm. Boars with positive farrowing rate deviation showed ejaculates with higher (P<0.05) SP concentrations of OXT (meanSEM; 21.944.24ng/mL) than boars with negative farrowing rate deviation (9.040.82ng/mL) (Fig. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.06.008. Reprod Domest Anim. Nat Commun. Robertson SA. eCollection 2021. Maternal death due to oxytocin-induced water intoxication has been reported. 2018;53(S2):1801. Theriogenology. J Proteome. Langendijk P, Bouwman EG, Schams D, Soede NM, Kemp B. Labor stimulation with oxytocin: Effects on obstetrical and neonatal outcomes. Our results also revealed that SP-OXT concentrations were not related to quality and sperm functionality parameters assessed in semen samples liquid stored at 17C during 72h. These results agree with those of Goverde et al. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted As expected the total farrowing time and interval between piglet births was reduced in sows administered oxytocin (Table 2). Anim. This increase in litter size was not found in the present study, perhaps because the SP-OXT concentrations measured in the present study were significantly lower than those used in the aforementioned studies, which ranged from 0.04 to 0.1IU/mL. Pitocin ( oxytocin ) is an injectable medicine in the oxytocic agent drug class. Bodanszky M, Sharaf H, Roy JB, Said SI. J Endocrinol. Before Harris GC, Frayne J, Nicholson HD. Seminal OXT was measured using a direct competitive immunoassay test based on AlphaLISA technology, adapted to pig SP samples, using a monoclonal anti-oxytocin antibody highly specific for OXT [36] (Fig. Entire ejaculates were collected using a semi-automatic collection method (Collectis, IMV Technologies, LAigle, France) and those used in the experiments exceeded the quantity and sperm quality thresholds for production of semen AI-doses. PubMed Central Once the ejaculate volume was measured, three 5mL semen aliquots were collected from each ejaculate to: (1) measure sperm concentration and evaluate sperm morphology; (2) evaluate sperm functional parameters once extended to 30106 sperm/mL and stored at 17C for 72h (analyzed at 0h and 72h of storage time); and (3) harvest SP samples for OXT measurement. [29] reported that the supplementation of pig semen AI-doses with OXT increased the number of sperm in the utero-tubal junction reservoir, having a positive impact on fertility. Three groups were generated for both farrowing rate and litter size. Overstimulation of the uterus by improper administration can be hazardous to both mother and fetus. Reproduction. The percentage of spermatozoa with an average path velocity greater than 20m/s were considered as motile and those with a straight-line velocity more than 40m/s were recorded as showing progressive motility. Severe water intoxication with convulsions and coma has occurred, associated with a slow oxytocin infusion over a 24-hour period. J Animal Sci Biotechnol 12, 101 (2021). Article Correspondence to Attention should be given to tonus, amplitude and frequency of contractions, and to the fetal heart rate in relation to uterine contractions. Salivary Cortisol, but Not Oxytocin, Varies With Social Challenges in Domestic Pigs: Implications for Measuring Emotions. In addition, the ejaculates of the Mostaf study showed clear differences in oxidative stress between fertile and infertile donors, being more accused in the latter. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Pig fertility, being a polytocous species, is measured by the farrowing rate and also by the number of piglets born per litter (total litter size). Following intramuscular injection of the drug, uterine response occurs within 3 to 5 minutes and persists for 2 to 3 hours. Deviations are with respect to the breed means represented by the value 0 on the X-axis. II. The decision can be made only by carefully weighing the potential benefits which oxytocin can provide in a given case against rare but definite potential for the drug to produce hypertonicity or tetanic spasm. Glutathione peroxidase 5 is expressed by the entire pig male genital tract and once in the seminal plasma contributes to sperm survival and in vivo fertility. After this incubation time, 26L of Merocyanine 540 (M-540, 0.1mmol/L in DMSO) was added to each semen sample and incubated for at 38C in darkness another 2min. Oxytocin (OXT), a small peptide hormone mainly synthetized in the magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamus, would be another SP component potentially involved in male fertility. 2022 Nov 28;12(23):3330. doi: 10.3390/ani12233330. 2020;10(8):1268. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10081268. Willenburg KL, Miller GM, Rodriguez-Zas SL, Knox RV. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Except in unusual circumstances, oxytocin should not be administered in the following conditions: fetal distress, hydramnios, partial placenta previa, prematurity, borderline cephalopelvic disproportion, and any condition in which there is a predisposition for uterine rupture, such as previous major surgery on the cervix or uterus including cesarean section, overdistention of the uterus, grand multiparity, or past history of uterine sepsis or of traumatic delivery. In fact, according to the National Partnership for Women and Families, 63% of induced labors include the use of Pitocin. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2004.12.011. eCollection 2022. Arch Androl. Only small amounts are excreted in urine unchanged. Subsequent to intra-amniotic injection of hypertonic saline, prostaglandins, urea, etc., for midtrimester elective abortion, the injection-to-abortion time may be shortened by infusion of Pitocin at the rate of 10 to 20 milliunits (20 to 40 drops) per minute. Carter CS, Pournajafi-Nazarloo H, Kramer KM, Ziegler TE, White-Traut R, Bello D, Schwertz D. Ann N Y Acad Sci. CAS Saliva can be a noninvasive way to measure oxytocin, which is very useful in species such as the pig where blood collection can produce a high degree of stress. Theriogenology. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Duziski K, Knecht D, Srodo S. The use of oxytocin in liquid semen doses to reduce seasonal fluctuations in the reproductive performance of sows and improve litter parameters--a 2-year study. Your doctor or midwife may put in place any of the following: As with any medication or intervention, using Pitocin has risks. Prostaglandin is one of the hormones that is produced naturally by the sow to end pregnancy and start the farrowing process. Store between 20 to 25C (68 to 77F). Porcine seminal protein-I and II mRNA expression in boar spermatozoa is significantly correlated with fertility. Further future studies are mandatory to determine which threshold is positively affecting the fertility of the AI-doses or whether the relationship with fertility has an inherent male fertility aspect rather than with the ejaculate, e.g. Buisman-Pijlman FTA, Sumracki NM, Gordon JJ, Hull PR, Carter CS, Tops M. Individual differences underlying susceptibility to addiction: role for the endogenous oxytocin system. The use of Pitocin provides a reliable, safe, medically-controlled way to induce labor that helps speed along the deliveries of millions of babies each year. Lpez-Arjona M, Mateo SV, Escribano D, Tecles F, Cern JJ, Martnez-Subiela S. Domest Anim Endocrinol. The fertility outcomes of inseminated sows were recorded in terms of (1) percentage of farrowing sows over total inseminated (farrowing rates) and (2) the total number of piglets born per litter (litter size). If you are being induced with Pitocin, there are several additional safety precautions that may be needed during your labor and delivery. Oxytocin pharmacokinetics. Antioxidants. WebThe estrous cycle in cattle is complex and regulated by several hormones and organs (see Figure 1). In pigs, the main role attributed to OXT is to facilitate the contractility of the myometrium [28]. Roca J, Parrilla I, Bolarin A, Martinez EA, Rodriguez-Martinez H. Will AI in pigs become more efficient? https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.07.009. Where there is significant cephalopelvic disproportion; In unfavorable fetal positions or presentations, such as transverse lies, which are undeliverable without conversion prior to delivery; In obstetrical emergencies where the benefit-to-risk ratio for either the fetus or the mother favors surgical intervention; In fetal distress where delivery is not imminent; Where adequate uterine activity fails to achieve satisfactory progress; Where the uterus is already hyperactive or hypertonic; In cases where vaginal delivery is contraindicated, such as invasive cervical carcinoma, active herpes genitalis, total placenta previa, vasa previa, and cord presentation or prolapse of the cord; In patients with hypersensitivity to the drug. Endocrinology. Theriogenology. Available for Android and iOS devices. or Intramuscular Injection, oxytocin, mifepristone, Methergine, Hemabate, carboprost, Cervidil, Mifeprex, methylergonovine, Syntocinon, dinoprostone topical. When peripheral nerves are stimulated, oxytocin is released into circulation wher it acts to induce smooth muscle contraction. Moreover, variability among individuals in the SP-OXT has also been reported in humans [27]. https://doi.org/10.3109/01485019808988540. A Mann Whitney test or an independent t-test were performed to evaluate potential differences on ejaculate characteristics between both SP-OXT groups at the two evaluation times (at 0 and 72h of liquid storage at 17C). However, these concerns are not easy to affirm or dismiss because the perception of pain is quite subjective and variable. ; Formal analysis: J.R., and I.B. 1996;19(5):27886. 2019;137:3642. The influence of seminal plasma on offspring development and health. Reprod Domest Anim. 2020 Dec;133:26-30. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.08.015. Anim. 2018;17(3):106576. Boar age differed (P<0.05) between the two SP-OXT groups. Oxytocin is known as the hormone that promotes feelings of love, bonding and well-being. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. National Library of Medicine Copyright 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1). 2014;81(6):7806. In Experiment 2, Spearman correlation coefficients between SP-OXT and ejaculate characteristics were calculated. For each standard and diluted SP-samples, a 15L aliquot was added, in duplicate, into the appropriate wells. https://doi.org/10.1530/REP-10-0092. Andrologia. The data reported in the present study showed that OXT was present at measurable concentrations in the SP from all ejaculates analyzed, with the highest volume ejaculates and those from the youngest boars showing the highest concentrations. Bugg GJ, Siddiqui F, Thornton JG. , variability among individuals in the oxytocic agent drug class medication or intervention using... 2022 Nov 28 ; 12 ( 23 ):3330. doi: 10.3390/ani12233330 labors include the use of...., PhD, MPH is a synthetic version of a hormone called oxytocin, Syntocinon dinoprostone..., Martinez EA, Rodriguez-Martinez H. 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